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内容：DEVELOPER DIARY: CLASS ROLES – MAIN BATTLE TANKS 9月1日 | 2017

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新人围观

Commanders!
In our previous Developer Diaries, we discussed the Spotting System and the changes we are planning to introduce in Update 0.22. Today, we’ll discuss another cornerstone of Armored Warfare – the vehicle classes, their role and the plans we have for their future.
Armored Warfare has five classes of vehicles:
Main Battle Tanks (MBT)
Tank Destroyers (TD)
Light Tanks (LT)
Armored Fighting Vehicles (AFV)
Self-Propelled Guns (SPG)
Each has a distinctive role on the battlefield that we will look at in detail.
指挥官们！
在之前的开发者日志中，我们讨论了视野系统以及我们计划在0.22更新中进行的改动。今天我们来谈谈装甲战争的一项基本特性：车辆职阶。我们将讨论它们在战场中扮演的角色，和它们未来的命运。
在装甲战争中，车辆被分为五个职阶
主战坦克（MBT）
坦克歼击车 （TD）
轻型坦克 （LT）
装甲战斗车辆 （AFV）
自行火炮 （SPG）
他们各自有独特的战场角色，下面让我们来详细看看吧。

Main Battle Tanks
主战坦克
Main Battle Tanks are the ultimate evolution of the tank concept that started during the Great War and fully evolved during the Second World War. They are powerful, lumbering beasts that are capable of deciding a battle on their own. Even though the age of massive armored clashes is over, the Main Battle Tanks still have a role on the modern battlefield.
坦克的概念在第一次世界大战时期兴起，并在第二次世界大战期间得到了全面发展。主战坦克——作为这一概念的终极进化形态，他们具有强大的威力，犹如猛兽一般主宰战场。即使大规模装甲冲突的时代已经过去，主战坦克仍在现代战场上占据一席之地。
Main Battle Tanks are the most popular class of Armored Warfare. There are two reasons for that. First, they are versatile and generally accessible to new players. They don’t carry as much firepower as the Tank Destroyers, nor are they as fast as the Light Tank or the AFVs, but they also don’t have any massive drawbacks save for some very specific cases.
主战坦克是装甲战争中最受欢迎的一个职阶。有两个原因可以总结这一现象。首先，主战坦克性能全面，玩法对新玩家非常友好。它们既没有TD强大的火力，也不能像各类轻坦、AFV一样飙车。但同时，他们也没有任何明显的弱势。
Secondly, they have something most other vehicle classes don’t – thick armor. While other classes can, thanks to their active defenses and various upgrades, become quite resistant to certain type of shells, only the Main Battle Tanks consistently offer protection against practically all threats on the battlefield. Experienced players can use other, more specialized, classes to their maximum effect, but this versatility allows even new players to keep up.
第二，它们具有其他车辆职阶所没有的巨大优势——厚重的装甲。虽然其他职阶的车辆能通过不同的升级改装及主动防护系统来提升对某一弹药种类的防护，但只有MBT能提供几乎全面的战场防护。有经验的玩家能使用更灵活机动的车辆并将它们发挥到极致，而MBT的全能特性使新玩家能跟上游戏的节奏。

The MBT class is perhaps the most diverse class in the entire game. It includes a wide variety of vehicles that range from very light members of the class whose mobility is only slightly worse than that of the AFVs and LTs (at the expense of armor that is inferior to their heavier counterparts) to massive lumbering behemoths that may be the slowest tanks in the game, but that can also shrug off almost any impact and only careful aiming at their weakspots or a risky flanking maneuver can damage them or knock them out. There are a few things they all have in common:
MBT职阶同时也是游戏中最为多样化的一个职阶。该车辆职阶既有一些在机动性上只比AFV和LT稍弱的轻型选手；又包括了那些用迟钝来换取超强防护的重吨巨兽，唯有极为仔细瞄准他们弱点的攻击或极为冒险的机动侧袭才有可能将它们摧毁。MBT车辆有几个共同的特点：
· Firepower inferior to Tank Destroyers
火力弱于TD
· Gun stabilization inferior to Light Tanks and Tank Destroyers
火炮稳定性弱于轻坦和TD
· Mobility inferior to Light Tanks and Armored Fighting Vehicles
机动性弱于轻坦和AFV
· Poor camouflage rating
隐蔽值感人
When it comes to the stabilization parameter, what this means is that both the Light Tanks and the Tank Destroyers can fire more accurately on the move. While this may be a bit counterintuitive (in real life, the Main Battle Tanks have very advanced gun stabilization systems), it allows the other classes to find their roles on the battlefield without having the MBTs be simply the best in every single role – after all, in real life, vehicle cost plays a significant role in any tactical considerations while in the game it does not.
火炮稳定性，即：轻坦和TD都能更准确的移动射击。虽然这听起来有点反智的意思（在现实中，MBT具有非常先进的火炮稳定系统），但这样的设定让其他车辆职阶也能在战场上享有重要角色，避免MBT一统天下的局面。毕竟，在现实中，装甲车辆的造价在任何战术考量中都是极为重要的；而在游戏中，我们并不会有这样的忧虑。
The last point is especially important – Main Battle Tanks are large, noisy and conspicuous. They don’t hide very well even behind multiple camouflage-providing bushes and will always be outmatched by other classes in this respect. They also become the primary targets on the battlefield as they generally can easily break enemy lines or lead the charges of lighter vehicles, acting as both inspiration and shield.
最后还有很重要的一点——MBT巨大、嘈杂、引人注目。即便身披数层伪装、身居草后，也会在隐蔽这一属性上被其他车辆职阶完虐。同时它们也是战场上最优先被打击的目标，因为当他们带头冲锋时可以轻易击垮轻型车辆的阵线。它们既是带头大哥，又是肉盾。
This last statement does, however, not count for all the vehicles of this class. Therefore, it’s worth looking at the various groups that are, for easier reference, divided by their country of origin.
请注意，以上概述并不能代表这一职阶里的所有车辆。因此，我们需要具体到MBT的产原地来具体分析它们。

American Tanks
美国MBT
Notable members:
典型代表：
· M48 Patton series
M48巴顿系列
· M60 Patton series
M60巴顿系列
· M1 Abrams series
M1艾布拉姆斯系列
· XM1A3 Abrams (Top Vehicle)
XM1A3艾布拉姆斯（顶级车）
American tanks are the baseline of the Armored Warfare MBT class. They are the jack-of-all-trades of MBTs but also masters of none. Their armor is average and so is their firepower in the form of standard NATO tank 105mm rifled and 120mm smoothbore cannons. The iconic Abrams tanks offer solid protection and maneuverability but can be outgunned by the Leopards and outmaneuvered by the high-Tier Russian vehicles. They do not have any significant drawbacks, although the low-Tier vehicles (M48 and M60 series) lack composite armor (unlike the Soviets) and are therefore more vulnerable to HEAT rounds and guided missiles. The protection level only becomes good with the M1 Abrams. One outlier that’s worth mentioning is the M60A2 Starship, offering excellent firepower in the form of its 152mm cannon as well as the ability to fire guided missiles on its tier, but slow reload times and mediocre protection.
美国MBT作为AW中MBT的标杆，他们啥都能做，样样稀松。装甲属性平均，火炮则为北约标准的105mm线膛炮或120mm滑膛炮。最为典型的艾布拉姆斯具有过硬的防护和机动，但火力不及豹2系列、机动灵活不如俄罗斯T系列。它们没有什么明显的缺点，虽然低级别的M48/M60系列没有它们苏联对手的复合装甲，因此面对破甲弹和导弹极其危险。到了M1系列，美国MBT的防护性能才有所提升。值得一提的是M60A2星际战舰，它拥有强大的火力——一门152mm炮和发射导弹的能力；但同时它需要忍受长时间的装填和差强人意的防护。
American generally use manually loaded guns – with full crew training, they can fire faster than automatically loaded guns, but with untrained crews they do lag behind. Due to this fact, the American vehicles have crews of four men.
美国一直使用人工装填火炮——在乘员训练充分的条件下，他们有时能比自动装弹机更快，但若乘员训练不足，情况则完全相反。由于这一原因，美国MBT使用4人乘员组。
The XM1A3 offers a unique choice between a powerful automatically loaded 120mm M256 FASTDRAW cannon (2 shots in quick succession) and a 140mm cannon with high damage per shot and penetration but slower reload.
XM1A3提供一门强大的自动装填120mm炮——M256 快枪手FASTDRAW火炮（双转轮装填，两发之间间隔很小），及一门高单伤但装填时间更长的140mm火炮供玩家选择。
Firepower-wise, the American vehicles have several advantages over the other nationalities. For one, they have better gun stabilization than other MBT branches – in other words, they can fire more accurately on the move, regardless of whether they are turning or just going forward.
在火力方面，美国MBT相比其他国家车辆具有一些优势。比如说，他们有更好的火炮稳定性——换句话说，无论是在前进或转向时。他们都能更准确的移动射击。
Secondly, unlike other MBTs, the American tanks (specifically the Abrams series) generally lack High-Explosive ammunition and gun-launched missiles. This can be a downside during certain situation, but the high-Tier Abrams tanks have a special type of ammunition instead – the HEAT-MP, a round that works both like a HEAT and a HE round (starting from Update 0.22, both effects are correctly applied).
其次，与其他MBT不同，美国MBT（特别是艾布拉姆斯系列）没有高爆弹（HE）和炮射导弹。这在一些情况下会成为一项弱势，但高级的艾布拉姆斯坦克具有一种特殊的弹药——多用途高爆反弹克弹（HEAT-MP），该弹药具有高爆反坦克弹（HEAT）和高爆弹（HE）的两种属性。从0.22开始，这两种效果都将在游戏中体现。
The American MBTs are ideal for you if you are still deciding what play style you prefer or are a new player. They are quite forgiving to mistakes and at the same time capable of excellent results, although experienced players will ultimately perform better in specialized vehicles.
美国MBT适合尚未决定特定玩法的新玩家。它们具有较高的容错率，同时也有优异的属性。当然对于老司机来说，他们也许会更善于使用具有较极端特性的车辆。

前前前

Soviet and Russian Tanks
苏联/俄罗斯MBT
Notable members:
典型代表
· T-64
· T-72 系列
· T-80 系列
· T-90 系列
· T-14 阿玛塔 (顶级车)
The Soviet and Russian tanks are the brawlers of Armored Warfare MBT class. While not extremely accurate, they are quite mobile even though their armor is only average. What they excel in is close-range fighting and damage per minute values – all their guns starting from the T-64 and the T-72 Ural are automatically loaded and can reach their full rate of fire without additional required crew training. They use almost exclusively 125mm guns that, especially at lower Tiers, deal massive damage per shot as well and are some of the most powerful weapons in the game until the appearance of the NATO 120mm smoothbore. Additionally, unlike the American tanks, the Russian tanks can fire both HE ammunition and gun-launched guided missiles that, while slow and thwarted by APS, can deliver devastating hits if used properly.
苏联/俄罗斯MBT属于AW中的输出型选手。虽然它们精度较差，装甲属性平平，但它们具有良好的机动性。它们的特长在于近距离搏斗和输出能力——从T-64和T-72乌拉尔开始，苏联/俄罗斯MBT拥有自动装填的火炮，从而能在无需额外乘员训练的情况下保持最高射速。它们使用独特的125mm火炮，在较低级别车辆的战斗中能发挥巨大单伤的优势，北约坦克直到高级别才能用120mm滑膛炮与之抗衡。与美国MBT不同，俄罗斯坦克能发射HE和导弹。虽然导弹飞行速度慢，且容易因遭遇主动防护系统（APS）而失效，但若成功的操作它们能造成巨大的伤害。
On the downside, they only have three crew members, making their choice of crew perks limited (this will become even more important in the upcoming Crew system overhaul).
在缺点方面，俄罗斯坦克只有3名乘员，这使得乘员技能的选择受到很大限制（这点将在接下来的成员系统重制后更为突出）
They generally have low silhouettes and small sizes – as a result, they do tend to hide better than their larger counterparts, but they also generally have fewer hitpoints and the guns also generally have poor depression due to their low turrets.
俄罗斯MBT通常具有低矮的外形和小巧的体型，这使得他们能比对手更善于隐藏自己，但同时它们HP更低，且由于较低的炮塔高度而拥有更差的火炮俯角。
Armor-wise, the frontal protection is generally excellent with composite armor and ERA appearing even on low Tiers, but their side armor is usually extremely weak and easy to penetrate.
装甲方面，俄罗斯MBT正面从较低级别开始就基本上装备了复合装甲和爆炸反应装甲。但侧面装甲通常十分脆弱，易被击穿。
The T-14 Armata is the ultimate damage-per-minute MBT in the game, capable of dishing out incredible damage over longer time periods. It also has an unmanned turret that only takes reduced damage. On the downside, it’s not the best armored tank around and the turret is not that hard to penetrate. The long 125mm gun, while powerful, is not the most accurate weapon around and requires some careful aiming.
T-14 阿玛塔是游戏中的终极输出MBT。它能在较长的时间段里对对手造成大量伤害。同时它装备的无人炮塔只会受到部分伤害。然而，T-14并不是防护最好的坦克，对手想要击穿它的炮塔并非难事。长身管的125mm炮尽管极具威力，精度和瞄准属性却需要玩家耐心应对。
The Russian and Soviet MBTs are ideal for you if you prefer aggressive gameplay, to fight at medium to short distances and to take the fight to the enemy. They can easily lead the charge and are harder to hit thanks to their small size and excellent frontal sloped armor, but are quite unsuitable for defensive operations due to their poor gun depression and low reverse speed that does not allow them to retreat from danger effectively.
苏联/俄罗斯MBT适合进攻性的玩法。强调中近距离作战。它们能轻松带领冲锋并得益于较小的体型、正面倾斜装甲而更难被击毁。对于防御战来说，他们并不是一个好的选择，由于较差的火炮俯角和低转向速度，它们无法有效的快速后撤。

German Tanks
德国MBT
Notable members:
典型代表
· Leopard 1 series (including the Italian OF-40)
豹1系列（包括意大利OF-40）
· Leopard 2 series
豹2系列
· Leopard 2AX (Top Vehicle)
豹2AX（顶级车）
The German MBTs are the polar opposite of the Soviet vehicles. They are the snipers of the MBT class, perfectly suited for defensive warfare but outmatched at close range by their opponents. They are the most accurate MBTs of Armored Warfare and their tactic of choice should always be to keep their enemies as far from them as possible.
德国MBT与苏联MBT完全相反。他们是MBT中的狙击手，非常适合防御作战但在近距离作战中不敌其对手。它们具有装甲战争中MBT最好的精度，玩家应该选择远离敌人进行输出作为主要战术。
They consist of two distinctive vehicle families – the Leopard 1 series and the Leopard 2 series. The Leopard 1 tanks are fast but extremely fragile tanks with poor steel armor and few defensive measures. They are amongst the most fragile MBTs in the game, but their agility and speed puts them closer to the Light Tank class. They require some careful gameplay to make them effective.
该路线由两个独特的车族组成——豹1系列和豹2系列。豹1坦克速度快但非常脆弱，装备均制钢装甲且几乎没有额外的防护措施。它们可能是MBT中最脆的，但它们的机动和极速能几乎比肩轻坦。玩家需要掌握更谨慎的玩法来最大程度发挥它们的威力。
The Leopard 2 tanks are very accurate, but can’t really brawl as well as the Americans or the Russians. In real life, these were built as purely defensive weapons, their intended tactic was to stay in cover, fire, achieve as many kills as possible with their first shot and then retreat away. That is how they are intended to be played in Armored Warfare, although they are also, if needed, capable of leading charges – their powerful armor still protects them against many threats. They are not, however, very agile and their turrets are slow to traverse, making engaging nimble targets at short distances difficult.
豹2坦克精度极高，但无法在与美国或俄罗斯坦克的正面交锋中占到便宜。在现实中，德国MBT完全作为防御性武器设计，它们的战术目标就是进入掩体、开火、尽可能首发摧毁敌人并撤离。这正是在AW中它们的玩法。当然，视情况需要，它们也可带头冲锋，它们的主装甲仍能提供一些有效的防护。不过他们的炮塔和车体转动并不是很灵活，这使得他们在近距离很难有效的与灵活的对手交战。
Like the Americans, the German guns are manually loaded (in real life, the Germans consider automatic loaders to be too unreliable) and they have four crewmembers, giving them access to more crew skills and – when fully trained – to solid rate of fire.
与美国MBT一样，德国火炮由人工装填（在现实中，德国人认为自动装弹机可靠性太差）因此使用四人乘员组，这使得它们有更多可选的乘员技能，且在完全训练后有更高射速。
The Tier 10 Leopard 2AX plays much like the rest of the Leopard 2 series. Its ultimate weapon is the Rheinmetall 130mm gun – a unique caliber no other tank has. This weapon is extremely accurate, reflecting the whole nature of this vehicle.
10级的豹2AX玩法与其他豹2系列坦克并无二致。它的最终武器为莱茵金属130mm火炮——独一无二的火炮口径。该炮的极致精准代表了整车的特性。
Furthermore, the German HEAT and kinetic rounds usually have the best penetration values in the game, reflecting the requirement to be fired at long distances.
同时，德国破甲弹（HEAT）和动能弹通常具有游戏中最高的穿透属性。足以胜任远距离开火。
The late German tanks are ideal for you if you prefer to snipe but also want to keep some armor without having to rely on stealth. If forced to advance, cover your hull, drive from cover to cover and use terrain to your advantage.
德国MBT适合喜欢狙击但又不喜欢完全没有装甲靠隐蔽生存的玩家。如果不得不前进开道，请遮挡好你的车体，在掩体之间移动，并利用地形优势取胜。

British Tanks
英国MBT
Notable members:
典型代表
· Chieftain series
酋长系列
· Challenger series
挑战者系列
· Challenger 2 ATDU (Top Vehicle)
挑战者2 ATDU（顶级车）
Where the Americans are jacks-of-all-trades, the Russians are brawlers and the Germans are snipers, the British vehicles rely on two things – HESH ammunition and armor. The British MBTs are invariably slow and sluggish and are better at taking punches than avoiding them. The low-Tier Chieftains offer solid turret protection but their hulls are generally vulnerable. The Challengers, however, are a different story entirely – they can resist many types of shells and while they do have a number of weakspots, their thick hide routinely saves them even in the thickest fighting and allows them to survive scraps that would leave other tanks smoking wrecks.
如果说美国MBT是多面手，俄罗斯坦克是输出手而德国坦克是狙击手，那么英国MBT就靠着两项指标吃饭——碎甲弹（HESH）和装甲。英国MBT清一色的笨重迟钝，但它们更善于吸收而非避开来袭火力。低级别的酋长坦克提供了良好的炮塔防护，但具有脆弱的车体。挑战者系列则完全不同——它们能抵御多种弹药，虽然他们有一定数量的弱点，但装甲厚度经常在激烈的交战中救它们一命。这使得它们能生存更长时间，而其他坦克已经成为一堆冒烟的废铁。

As the only nation that stuck to the 120mm rifled guns, the British have special access to ammunition that tears even the thickest armor apart – the High-Explosive Squash Head rounds. This ammunition was developed to defeat Soviet tanks with sloped armor and is brutally effective against well-angled frontal plates typical for Russian designscomposite armor plates. This allows the Chieftains and Challengers to fight off their Russian counterparts comfortably despite their mediocre mobility.
作为唯一使用120mm线膛炮的国家，英国拥有一种特殊弹药——碎甲弹来对即使最厚重的装甲造成损伤。该弹药被用于击毁装备了倾斜装甲的苏联坦克，并且展示了对苏联典型的倾斜前装甲设计强有力的毁伤效果。这使得酋长和挑战者能以笨重的身躯迎战苏联对手。
While having a tough hide might seem like a no-brainer for successful gameplay, the mediocre mobility and generally poor firepower of the 120mm rifled guns make the British vehicles more suitable for experienced players. The British MBTs are not suited for fast maneuvering and have to rely on some elementary player coordination to succeed – even though they are able to mount spirited and unyielding defense, without support they will eventually get outflanked and overrun.
虽然强有力的装甲看上去像是能让无脑玩家轻松取胜，但悲剧的机动和火力较弱的120mm线膛炮使得英国坦克更适合有经验的玩家。英国MBT不适合高机动作战，并需要依靠玩家间的协作来取胜。即使他们的防护性能无可挑剔，他们在没有支援的条件下最终会被包围歼灭。