Piston ring is an essential component in internal combustion engines, which is designed to provide a sealing surface between the piston and cylinder wall, prevent engine oil from entering the combustion chamber, and enhance the thermal conductivity between these two metal components. These rings are typically made of high-strength cast iron or steel material and installed on the piston grooves in a circular pattern. The piston rings function by moving in a reciprocating motion, compressing the combustion gases during upstroke, and preventing excessive oil consumption during downstroke. Overall, they play an important role in preserving the operating efficiency, performance, and longevity of an engine.